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Golden Gate University Law Review

Authors

Kate S. Langer

Abstract

In Duffield v. Robertson Stephens & Company, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that the Civil Rights Act of 1991 prohibited an employer from requiring, as a condition of employment, that prospective or current employees agree in advance to arbitrate Title VII claims arising out of the employment relationship. Relying on the purposes and legislative history of the 1991 Act, the Ninth Circuit became the only circuit to find that the Act barred these mandatory arbitration agreements.

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